Ecosystem = Biotic + Abiotic |
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BIOTIC ELEMENTS Organisms *Flora: plants that live in a certain region in a period of time. *Fauna: animals that live in a certain region in a period of time. Others (bacteria, fungi...) Groups of the same species → population that interact with each other → community | ABIOTIC ELEMENTS (non living things)
The place where a plant or animal normally grows or lives is called a habitat. |
FOOD CHAIN
- Producers (do photosynthesis)
- Consumers (herbivores, carnivores and omnivores)
- Decomposers (bacteria and fungi that consume the remains of dead animals)
Natural ecosystems:
-Terrestrial --> Tundra, grasslands, rainforest, forests, desert
-Aquatic --> Freshwater (rivers and streams, lakes and ponds), marine (coral reefs, shore line, open ocean) and wetlands.
Artifical ecosystems:
-Terrestrial (parks, zoos, farmlands...)
-Aquatic (aquariums...)
Urban ecosystems: natural+artifical
NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS: TERRESTRIAL
TUNDRA Tundra is the coldest ecosystem on Earth. Areas near the North Pole. It is also very dry. Flora: are no trees. There are lichens, mosses and some grasses. Fauna: reindeers, caribou, arctic foxes, polar bears and white wolves. TROPICAL RAINFOREST In tropical areas Warm and wet all year long. They are home to over half the plant and animal species on Earth. Flora: evergreen trees, orchids, ferns Fauna: snakes, monkeys, jaguars, insects and many kinds of birds, such as parrots and toucans. | GRASSLANDS Flat areas dominated by grasses.
FORESTS
Fauna: brown bears, deer, foxes and weasels.
Fauna: squirrels, rodents and wild boar.
Fauna: eagles, foxes, lynx, hawks and rodents. |
DESERT Deserts are the driest and hottest places on Earth. Temperatures are very high during the day but very low at night. Flora: cacti, small bushes. Fauna: lizards, snakes, camels and scorpions. | | |
NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS: AQUATIC
MARINE ECOSYSTEMS (salty water)
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FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS | WETLANDS Areas where freshwater covers the soil. Sometimes the ground is covered all year long and, at other times, the water evaporates during the dry season. A rich biodiversity, especially birds |
ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS
THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM
Urban (natural + artificial elements). They occupy only about 2% of the land surface area of the planet, but they provide a home for half of the world's population. Fauna: cats, dogs, mosquitoes, rats, cockroaches, flies, pigeons, migratory birds such as storks. Flore: wild plants such as grasses.
Author
Teacher Belén
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